Sudden Hearing Loss? Act Fast!

Suddenly not hearing? Don't ignore this red flag.

Hearing loss is a common condition that typically develops gradually. But what happens if it occurs suddenly? Sometimes a sudden change in hearing is caused by wax accumulation or middle ear fluid.  However, it can also be a “Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss” (SSNHL).  SSNHL is a rare condition that must be attended to urgently so as to not become permanent loss and so it is important to be aware of the symptoms as well as the appropriate actions to take. 

SSNHL is defined as an unexplained, rapid loss of hearing, typically in one ear, typically without pain, occurring within 72 hours. The hearing loss is sensorineural, meaning that it originates from the cochlea or from the auditory nerve. Studies estimate that SSNHL can affect 5 to 20 people out of every 100 000. In many cases, the exact cause of SSNHL cannot be determined. However, the potential causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, vascular disorders, neurological disorders, head trauma, ototoxic medications, and an existing inner ear disorder.

The primary symptom of SSNHL is a sudden loss of hearing in one ear. However, other symptoms may occur such as a feeling of fullness in the affected ear, tinnitus (ringing or buzzing) in the affected ear, and vertigo.  If you experience a sudden change to your hearing, it is important for you to uncover the cause urgently.  The cause of the sudden loss can be best identified by an Audiologist, through a complete hearing assessment -having your family physician simply look in your ear will not suffice.   A same-day appointment at an Audiology Clinic is a good place to start.  Explain to the receptionist that your loss came on suddenly and the clinic will make sure to have you seen as soon as possible. If your Audiologist finds that your sudden loss is a SSNHL, it is important to seek treatment urgently as earlier intervention increases the likelihood that hearing returns to normal levels. The audiologist will likely recommend that you see your family doctor or an urgent care physician as soon as possible to begin treatment and to be referred to an ENT specialist. Treatment options can include corticosteroids (administered either orally or through the eardrum) and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. If hearing cannot be fully restored, it may be recommended that you pursue an amplification option such as a hearing aid or a cochlear implant.

If you or someone you know experiences a sudden loss of hearing, contact your local audiology clinic as soon as possible.